Pierre Gustave Toutant–Beauregard (May 28, 1818 – February 20, 1893), Confederate general, who directed the first action of the American Civil War in an artillery attack on Fort Sumter, South Carolina. Beauregard also commanded forces that won the first Battle of Bull Run. He shared the command at the Battle of Shiloh with General Albert S. Johnston, and when Johnston was killed, he led the Confederate withdrawal from the field. After the war, he served as adjutant general of the state of Louisiana.

born near New Orleans, Louisiana, and educated at the U.S. Military Academy. An engineer officer, he served in the Mexican War (1846 – 48) and remained in the U.S. Army until February 1861, when he resigned to join the insurgent Confederate forces; in April he directed the bombardment of Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina, the first action of the American Civil War. Beauregard was second in command at the First Battle of Bull Run (July 1861).

At Shiloh (April 1862) he took command when his superior, General Albert S. Johnston, was killed, and he led the Confederate withdrawal from the field. In 1863 he defended Charleston from attack by the Union navy, and in May 1864 he defeated a Union army under General Benjamin F. Butler at Drury’s Bluff, Virginia. After the war Beauregard was president of the New Orleans, Jackson, and Mississippi Railroad and later was adjutant general of Louisiana.

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